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With its 201,103,330 people Brazil is the 5th largest country in the world by population. It is the 5th largest country by area with 8,514,877 square kilometers. Following more than three centuries under Portuguese rule, Brazil gained its independence in 1822, maintaining a monarchical system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888 and the subsequent proclamation of a republic by the military in 1889. Brazilian coffee exporters politically dominated the country until populist leader Getulio VARGAS rose to power in 1930. By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil underwent more than half a century of populist and military government until 1985, when the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labor pool, it is today South America's leading economic power and a regional leader, one of the first in the area to begin an economic recovery. Highly unequal income distribution and crime remain pressing problems. In January 2010, Brazil assumed a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council for the 2010-11 term.
Check out the recommended reading list below for great sources of information on Brazil.
Brazil on the Rise: The Story of a Country Transformed
Larry Rohter
Brazil Beaches and Waterfalls (South America Series)
Brian Lawrenson
The Brazil Reader: History, Culture, Politics (The Latin America Readers)
Brazil - Culture Smart!: the essential guide to customs & culture
Sandra Branco
Brazil (Insight Guides)
Insight Guides
Brazil: Amazon And Pantanal (Travellers' Wildlife Guides)
David L. Pearson
Brazil (Adventure Map (Numbered))
National Geographic Maps
Lonely Planet Brazil (Country Travel Guide)
Regis St. Louis
Brazil
Michael Palin
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Brazil
Oliver Marshall