Cambodia |
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Cambodia |
With its 14,753,320 people Cambodia is the 66th largest country in the world by population. It is the 89th largest country by area with 181,035 square kilometers. Most Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers, descendants of the Angkor Empire that extended over much of Southeast Asia and reached its zenith between the 10th and 13th centuries. Attacks by the Thai and Cham (from present-day Vietnam) weakened the empire, ushering in a long period of decline. The king placed the country under French protection in 1863 and it became part of French Indochina in 1887. Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953. In April 1975, after a five-year struggle, Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns. At least 1.5 million Cambodians died from execution, forced hardships, or starvation during the Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT. A December 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off almost 13 years of civil war. The 1991 Paris Peace Accords mandated democratic elections and a ceasefire, which was not fully respected by the Khmer Rouge. UN-sponsored elections in 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy under a coalition government. Factional fighting in 1997 ended the first coalition government, but a second round of national elections in 1998 led to the formation of another coalition government and renewed political stability. The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in early 1999. Some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders are awaiting trial for crimes against humanity by a hybrid UN-Cambodian tribunal supported by international assistance. Elections in July 2003 were relatively peaceful, but it took one year of negotiations between contending political parties before a coalition government was formed. In October 2004, King Norodom SIHANOUK abdicated the throne and his son, Prince Norodom SIHAMONI, was selected to succeed him. Local elections were held in Cambodia in April 2007, with little of the pre-election violence that preceded prior elections. National elections in July 2008 were relatively peaceful.
Check out the recommended reading list below for great sources of information on Cambodia.
Cambodia & Laos (EYEWITNESS TRAVEL GUIDE)
DK Publishing
Cambodia Revealed: The Temples of Angkor (Travel Guide)
Approach Guides
Lonely Planet Cambodia (Country Guide)
Nick Ray
The Definitive Guide to Moving to SouthEast Asia: Cambodia
Gabrielle Yetter
Cambodia - Culture Smart!: the essential guide to customs & culture
Graham Saunders
Lonely Planet Vietnam Cambodia Laos & Northern Thailand (Multi Country Travel Guide)
Nick Ray
Lonely Planet Cambodia (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet
National Geographic Traveler: Cambodia
Trevor Ranges
The Ends of the Earth: From Togo to Turkmenistan, from Iran to Cambodia, a Journey to the Frontiers of Anarchy
Robert D. Kaplan
Fodor's Thailand: With Side Trips to Cambodia & Laos (Full-color Travel Guide)
Fodor's